棕榈纤维的制备及基本性能测试

Preparation and Properties Study of Palm Fiber

通过正交试验对棕榈纤维的脱胶工艺进行研究与改进,以脱胶率为标准,确定棕榈纤维碱氧法脱胶最优工艺:20 g/L NaOH,40 mL/L H;O;溶液,浴比1∶100,90℃恒温水浴处理3.0 h。并对脱胶后棕榈纤维的化学组成、表面形态、聚集态结构、红外光谱、力学性能、热学性能进行测试分析。结果表明,经碱氧法脱胶后的棕榈纤维大部分胶质被除去,脱胶效果明显,脱胶后的纤维虽然断裂强度有所下降,但纤维素含量显著上升,热稳定性好,为棕榈纤维的进一步开发利用提供了依据。

In this paper, through the research and improvement of the palm fiber degumming process, the orthogonal test is designed, and the optimal solution for palm fiber is obtained by the degumming rate as a standard: 20 g/L sodium hydroxide, 40 mL/L hydrogen peroxide solution, bath rate of 1∶100, treating time of 3.0 hours and temperature of 90 ℃. The chemical composition, surface morphology, rupture strength, infrared spectroscopy and DSC of the degummed palm fiber are tested. It is found that most of the gelatin of the palm fiber after degumming by this method is removed. The effect is obvious, and the fiber’s fracture strength after degumming decreases, but the cellulose content significantly increases, and the thermal stability is good. It provides a reliable basis for further development and utilization of palm fiber.