高校性骚扰的法律规制

Legal Regulation of Sexual Harassment in Universities

我国近年来在规制高校性骚扰时存在内部治理细则缺乏和法律责任模糊等不足,以师德规范和事后惩罚为重心的机制难以取得根本的治理效果。理想化的法治化治理路径短期内又无法实现。文章立足现有治理资源的现实可能性,从整合优化内部治理和明确强化法律责任两条路径同时规制高校性骚扰,建立从上到下以保护受害方权益和事前预防性骚扰教育为中心的内部治理机制,明确司法机关、教育部门和个体在性骚扰行为中的法律责任和义务,从而把高校性骚扰发生的可能性压缩至最小范围。

In recent years, there is a lack of internal governance detailed rules and vague legal responsibility in the governance of sexual harassment in Chinese universities. It is difficult to achieve the fundamental governance effect from the mechanism focusing on the teachers’ ethics and the punishment after the event.The governance path of idealized rule of law cannot be realized in a short time. This paper, based on the real possibility of existing governance resources, governs sexual harassment in universities from the two paths of integrated optimization of internal governance and strengthening legal responsibility at the same time, establishesthe internal governance mechanism that focuses on the protection of the rights and interests of injured parties and the prevention education of sexual harassment from top to bottom, and clarifies the legal responsibilities and obligations of judicial organs, educational departments and individuals in sexual harassment. Thus, the possibility of sexual assault in universities is compressed to the minimum range.