从计生到生计:计划生育特殊家庭帮扶路径研究

From Family Planning to Livelihood:A Study on the Assistance Path of Special Families

建立健全计划生育特殊家庭帮扶保障制度是优化生育政策配套支持措施的重要内容。计划生育特殊家庭帮扶服务框架应基于可持续生计理论,从生计环境、生计资本、生计策略三个方面来构建。计划生育特殊家庭虽然拥有一定量的生计资本,但仍面临较为严峻的经济、养老、健康风险,需要在多元主体的共同参与下进一步打通可持续生计路径,包括:面向风险的特殊家庭权益保障路径、应对生计资本的特殊家庭联动帮扶路径、提高生计策略的特殊家庭发展能力路径。

Establishing and improving the assistance and security system for special family planning is an important part of optimizing the supporting measures of family planning policies.Taking special families as the research object,and based on the sustainable livelihood theory,this paper constructs the assistance service framework of special families from three aspects,namely livelihood environment,livelihood capital and livelihood strategy.Although special families have a certain amount of livelihood capital,they still face severe economic,pension and health risks.It is necessary to further open the path of sustainable livelihood with the joint participation of multiple subjects,including the path of risk-oriented protection of the rights and interests of family planning special families,the path of linkage assistance to family planning special families to deal with livelihood capital,and the path of improving the development capacity of family planning special families with livelihood strategies.