基于多物理场耦合永磁同步电机边带电磁噪声分析

Analysis of Sideband Electromagnetic Noise of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors Based on Multi-physics Coupling

以新能源汽车驱动用永磁同步电机为研究对象,基于多物理场解析由空间矢量脉宽调制(SVPWM)技术引起的边带电流谐波成分与电磁力特征,并通过有限元仿真准确预测边带电磁噪声。首先,基于麦克斯韦张量法建立边带电磁力解析模型,分析得出边带电流谐波与径向电磁力的时间频率及空间阶次特征间的对应关系。其次,建立12槽10极试验样机的多物理场耦合分析模型,运用模态叠加法对边带电磁力、结构振动与辐射噪声进行预测分析。最后,对稳态工况下所采集的相电流与振动噪声实测结果进行分析。结果表明,建立的多物理场模型能够较好反映高频边带噪声的特征成分与变化趋势,同时验证了边带电磁力时空特征解析的准确性。

With the permanent magnet synchronous motors used in the electric vehicles as the research object,the multi-physics method based on the space vector pulse-width modulation(SVPWM)technique is presented to analyze the characteristics of high-frequency sideband harmonic components of the motors.The sideband electromagnetic noise is predicted by using the finite element analysis.Firstly,based on the Maxwell tensor method,an analytical model associated with the sideband electromagnetic force is established.The relation between the frequency and spatial order characteristics of the sideband current harmonics and radial electromagnetic force is analyzed.Then,the multi-physics coupling analysis model for a prototype of 12-slot and 10-pole motor is established.Its sideband electromagnetic force components,structural vibration and radiation noise are predicted by using the modal superposition method.At last,the phase current,vibration and noise are tested experimentally under a specific steady-state condition.As shown in the results,the multi-physics model can reflect the characteristics and trends of high-frequency sideband noise components clearly.Moreover,the accuracy of the spatial-temporal characteristic analysis of sideband electromagnetic force is verified.