基于仿生设计离合器摩擦片表面减振降噪设计研究

Research on the Vibration and Noise Reduction Design of Clutch Friction Pad Based on Bionic Design Theory

基于仿生耦合思想,设计3种具有仿生特征表面的离合器摩擦片,即:圆坑摩擦片、直沟摩擦片和波浪型摩擦片,结合ABAQUS中的复特征值分析和显式动态分析,从频域和时域两方面对3种仿生摩擦片的离合器进行摩擦振动分析。复特征值分析结果表明,离合器系统在接合过程中产生的摩擦振动具有多频特性,其响应是多种频率振动响应的叠加。随着摩擦系数增大,离合器系统的振动强度逐渐增强,产生振动的频率数量逐渐增多。对于振动倾向性系数(TOI)分析结果表明,仿生摩擦片能够有效抑制离合器系统的振动倾向,尤其是当在摩擦片表面加工出波浪状沟槽后,其改善离合器系统摩擦振动的效果最为显著。显式动态分析结果表明,当对摩擦片表面进行仿生设计处理后,离合器摩擦系统的振动幅值明显下降,波浪型摩擦片所对应的离合器振动幅值下降尤其显著,在所有仿生式摩擦片中展现出最佳的减振效果。对不同摩擦片界面应力进行分析,结果表明仿生摩擦片能够改善摩擦界面的应力集中现象,使得应力分布更加均匀,从而减弱界面能量堆积。尤其是在摩擦片表面加工出波浪形状后,该摩擦界面应力幅值最小,因此离合器系统的稳定性最好。该研究为可改善离合器振动噪声的摩擦片表面仿生设计提供理论依据和新的思路。

Based on the idea of bionic coupling,three kinds of clutch friction pads with bionic characteristic surfaces,namely circular pit friction pad,straight groove friction pad and wavy groove friction pad,are designed respectively.Both the complex eigenvalue analysis and explicit dynamic analysis are performed by using ABAQUS to study the vibration properties of the clutch system from two aspects of frequency domain and time domain.Complex eigenvalue analysis results show that the friction-induced vibration generated from the clutch system during engagement is characterized by multifrequencies and it exhibits the superposition of multi-frequencies vibration response.With the increase of friction coefficient,the vibration intensity of the clutch system increases gradually,and the number of the vibration frequencies increases as well.The results of the tendency of instability(TOI)analysis show that the bionic friction pad can effectively reduce the vibration tendency of the clutch system,especially the friction pad with wavy grooves on its surface exhibits the best ability in improving the vibration of the clutch system.Explicit dynamic analysis results show that the vibration amplitude of the clutch system decreases obviously when the friction pad is treated with bionic design,especially for the pad with wavy grooves,the corresponding vibration amplitude of the clutch system decreases significantly.The friction pad with wavy grooves on its surface shows the best vibration reduction effect among all the bionic friction pads.By analyzing the interface stresses of different friction pads,the results show that the bionic friction pads can mitigate the stress concentration phenomena in the friction interface,which causes more uniform stress distribution in the interface,and accordingly reduces the energy accumulation in the friction interface.Especially for the pad with wave grooves on its surface,the stress amplitude of the friction interface is the minimum,indicating that the clutch system has the best stability.This study provides a theoretical basis and a new idea for the bionic design of the friction pad surface to reduce the vibration and noise of the clutch systems.