灵芝多糖对凡纳滨对虾生长和免疫功能的影响

Effects of Ganoderma Lucidum Polysaccharides on Growth and Immune Functions of Litopenaeus vannamei

选取360尾体质量为(4.5±0.5)g的凡纳滨对虾,分别投喂添加灵芝多糖质量分数为0(基础饲料对照组)、0.2%(多糖Ⅰ组)、0.4%(多糖Ⅱ组)、0.6%(多糖Ⅲ组)的饲料饲养28 d。结果发现:添加3种不同浓度灵芝多糖的试验组对虾的末均质量和蛋白质效率均显著升高(P<0.05);多糖Ⅱ组和多糖Ⅲ组对虾的质量增加率和特定生长率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),多糖Ⅰ组对虾的质量增加率和特定生长率与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05);多糖Ⅱ组的饲料系数最低,显著低于对照组(P<0.05),多糖Ⅰ组和多糖Ⅲ组的饲料系数与对照组无显著差异(P>0.05);添加3种不同浓度灵芝多糖的试验组对虾的粗脂肪含量显著高于对照组的(P<0.05);添加3种不同浓度灵芝多糖的试验组对虾的水分、粗蛋白及粗灰分等常规成分与对照组的差异不显著(P>0.05);添加3种不同浓度灵芝多糖的试验组对虾的溶菌酶活力、酚氧化酶活力、碱性磷酸酶活力、酸性磷酸酶活力、超氧化物歧化酶活力和过氧化氢酶活力均有不同程度的升高,且与对照组差异显著(P<0.05);添加3种不同浓度灵芝多糖的试验组对虾的血清中丙二醛的含量均有不同程度降低,且与对照组差异显著(P<0.05)。

360 shrimps(Litopenaeus vannamei)were selected to study how Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides affected their growth and immune functions.Their average initial body weight were about(4.5±0.5)g in the beginning.After feeding them for 28 days respectively with different diets supplemented of different ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides concentrations of 0(basal diet control group),0.2%(polysaccharideⅠgroup),0.4%(polysaccharideⅡgroup)and 0.6%(polysaccharideⅢgroup),the results showed that the average final weight and protein efficiency rate of these shrimps were significantly increased in experimental groups supplemented with three different concentrations of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide(P<0.05);The weight increase rate and specific growth rate of polysaccharideⅡgroup and polysaccharideⅢgroup were significantly higher than those of basal diet control group(P<0.05),but there were no significant differences in weight increase rate and specific growth rate between the polysaccharideⅠgroup and the basal diet control group(P>0.05).The feed conversion ratio(FCR)of polysaccharideⅡgroup was the lowest,which was significantly lower than that of basal diet control group(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in FCR between polysaccharideⅠgroup and polysaccharideⅢgroup(P>0.05).The crude lipid content in experimental groups supplemented with three different concentrations of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide was significantly higher than that of in basal diet control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in water,crude protein and crude ash content among the four groups(P>0.05).The activities of lysozyme enzyme,phenol oxidase enzyme,alkaline phosphatase enzyme,acid phosphatase enzyme,superoxide dismutase enzyme and catalase enzyme in the experimental groups supplemented with three different concentrations of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides were all increased by different degrees,and there was significant differences compared with the basal diet control group(P<0.05).The content of malondialdehyde in serum of experimental groups supplemented with three different concentrations of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides decreased to different degrees,and was significantly different from the basal diet control group(P<0.05).