青少年安氏Ⅱ类错[牙合]畸形的正畸疗效及美观性观察

Effect of Orthodontic Treatment and Aesthetic Change in the Treatment of Class Ⅱ Malocclusion in Adolescents

目的:探讨安氏Ⅱ类错[牙合]畸形青少年经正畸治疗后的临床效果及美观性变化。方法:选取2016年10月-2018年10月笔者医院口腔科收治的106例安氏Ⅱ类错[牙合]畸形青少年患者为研究对象。采用直丝弓矫正器对患者进行正畸治疗,正畸治疗持续时间12~18个月。比较治疗前后患者畸形程度、软组织变化及美观性情况。结果:治疗后,患者前牙覆牙合、前牙覆盖、磨牙咬合关系、中线关系评分均低于治疗前,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,患者下唇倾角、上下唇角、软组织面角均小于治疗前,鼻唇角、上唇倾角、颏唇沟角、面型角及H角均大于治疗前,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,患者正畸治疗需要指数的美观量表(IOTN-AC)及口腔健康影响程度量表(OHIP-14)评分均低于治疗前,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:正畸治疗对安氏Ⅱ类错[牙合]畸形青少年患者具有良好的效果,可改善牙[牙合]畸形,改变软组织形态,并提高牙[牙合]美观性,改善其生活质量,值得临床推广。

Objective To investigate the clinical effect and aesthetic changes of adolescents with Class Ⅱ malocclusion after orthodontic treatment. Methods Total of 106 patients with Class Ⅱ malocclusion deformity in adolescents admitted to our department of stomatology from October 2016 to October 2018 were selected. Orthodontic treatment was performed on patients with Class Ⅱ malocclusion deformity by straight wire bow appliance. The duration of orthodontic treatment was 12~18 months. The degree of tooth deformity, soft tissue changes and aesthetics of patients with Class Ⅱ malocclusion deformity in adolescents before and after orthodontic treatment were compared. Results After treatment, the anterior teeth overlay,anterior teeth coverage, molar occlusal relationship, and midline relationship scores were lower than before treatment, and the differences were all statistically significant(P<0.05). After treatment, the patient’s lower lip inclination, upper and lower lip angles, and soft tissue angle were all less than before treatment, and the nasolabial angle, upper lip inclination angle, genital lip groove angle, facial angle, and H angle were all greater than before treatment, and the differences were all statistically significant(P<0.05). After treatment, the self-rated aesthetic component of the index of orthodontic treatment need scale(IOTN-AC) and oral health impact profilescale(OHIP-14) scores were lower than before treatment, and the differences were all statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion Orthodontic treatment has a good effect on patients with Class Ⅱ malocclusion deformity in adolescents, deformity, it can improve the tooth deformity, change the shape of soft tissue,improve the aesthetics of teeth and improve the quality of life, which is worthy of clinical promotion.