植物光合产物源库流调控及其对干旱的响应

Regulation of Source-to-sink Transport of Plant Photosynthetic Products and Its Response to Drought

光合产物的源库流在植物生长发育和应对环境胁迫中起着重要的作用。蔗糖是植物光合产物源库转运的主要形式,在生命周期的不同阶段,植物通过精细复杂的调节网络维持着蔗糖源库流的平衡,在不同的环境件下蔗糖源库流也发生着动态调控。在过去的20 a间,分子生物学研究鉴定了一些源库流的重要分子节点,人们对源库调控的机制有了一定的认识;合成生物学的兴起,带来了光合效率和源强的提升;植物生理学的研究,引出了环境信号对源、库、流的调控。笔者阐释了植物生长发育不同阶段的源库流的动态,并从源强、转运、库强3个方面论述了糖在源库流网络的作用,以及其对干旱信号的响应,以期拓宽对源库流的认识,为操纵源库流进行分子设计育种提供支撑。

The source-to-sink transport of photoassimilates plays an important role in plant growth and development and response to environmental stress.Sucrose is the main photoassimilate that is transported from source tissues to sink tissues.Plants balance the source supply,the sink demand,and sucrose transportin different developmental stages.During environmental changes,plants can rebalance the source-to-sink transport of sucrose.During the past 20 years,molecular biological studies had identified core components and molecular mechanisms for the source-to-sink transport of sucrose.The rise of synthetic biology led to the enhancement of photosynthetic efficiency and source strength.The study of plant physiology led to the regulation of environmental signals on source,sink and flow.The author explained the dynamics of source-to-sink transport in different stages of plant growth and development,and discussed the role of sugar in source-to-sink transport network and its response to drought signals from three aspects of source strength,transport and sink strength,to broaden the understanding of source sink flow and provide support for manipulating source-to-sink transport for molecular design breeding.