美国开端计划家长参与政策及其启示

The Overview and Implication of Parental Involvement Policy of U.S.Head Start Program

美国的开端计划是基于教育脱贫的理念下产生的,是为了更好地向贫困家庭的儿童提供相应的教育服务,以此来解决家庭贫困文化的传递。在开端计划实行的过程中,无论是联邦政府还是教育部都提出了相应的政策来支持开端计划的实行,其中“两代人”(2Gen)方法的诞生就是为了更好地帮助儿童和家长的共同成长。在借鉴美国开端计划家长参与政策成果的基础上,梳理出符合我国学前教育发展的启示,如建立有效的家长参与原则、策略提高父亲的参与和阻断贫困代际传递等。

The Head Start program was introduced in the 1960 s to improve the delivery of educational services to children from poor families. The primary goal of Project Beginnings’ parental involvement policies was to address the transmission of a culture of poverty in families. To this end, the United States has enacted a series of policies and regulations to promote and ensure effective parental involvement in children’s learning and lives, and the 2 Gen approach was created to help children and parents grow together. Therefore, the Parental Involvement Policy of the Head Start program in the United States is outlined in order to identify lessons that can be applied to the development of preschool education in China.