老年胃癌患者术后谵妄风险因素分析及其风险评估模型的构建

Risk Factors Analysis and Risk Assessment Model Construction of Postoperative Delirium in Elderly Patients with Gastric Cancer

目的探讨老年胃癌患者术后发生谵妄的风险因素,并进行风险评估模型的构建分析。方法选取我院2020年4月至2021年6月所接收和治疗的老年胃癌手术患者共198例作为此次研究对象,将其按照随机数表法分为两组,每组99例,分别为一般组和试验组。一般组主要对患者进行常规护理,试验组在常规护理的同时对其进行认知护理。比较两组患者发生谵妄的概率以及相关危险因素。结果一般组术后谵妄的发生概率明显高于试验组(P<0.05)。试验组的SAS、SDS评分明显低于一般组(P<0.05)。性别、年龄、脑血管疾病史、长期服用安眠药、术前白蛋白水平、术中出血量、手术方式均是胃癌患者术后发生谵妄的危险因素。结论老年胃癌患者在接受手术治疗后发生谵妄的概率极大,严重影响患者的预后,并会延长住院时间,增加治疗费用,所以及时对其进行认知刺激是非常必要的。

Objective To explore the risk factors of postoperative delirium in elderly patients with gastric cancer,and to construct and analyze the risk assessment model.Methods A total of 198 cases of elderly patients with gastric cancer surgery received and treated in our hospital from April 2020 to June 2021 were selected as the subjects of this study.They were randomly divided into 2 groups,99 cases in each group,respectively for the general group and the experimental group.Among them,the general group mainly carries on the routine nursing to the patient,while the experimental group carries on the cognitive nursing to the patient in the routine nursing.The incidence of delirium and related risk factors were compared between the two groups.Results The incidence of postoperative delirium in the general group was significantly higher than that in the experimental group(P<0.05).The SAS and SDS scores of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the general group(P<0.05).The gender,age,history of cerebrovascular disease,long-term use of sleeping pills,preoperative albumin level,intraoperative blood loss,and surgical methods were all risk factors for postoperative delirium.Conclusion Elderly patients with gastric cancer have a great probability of developing delirium after surgery,which seriously affects the patient's prognosis,prolongs the hospital stay,and increases treatment costs.Therefore,timely cognitive stimulation is very necessary.