公众室内空气质量认知现状调查

A Public Awareness Survey of Indoor Air Quality

目的了解公众对室内空气质量的认知现状。方法通过网络平台采取自愿填写的方式,对全国各省、自治区、直辖市(港澳台地区除外)的公众开展问卷调查。结果98.7%(1038/1052)的调查对象都不同程度对室内空气质量表示关注,关注程度在不同年龄和不同学历之间,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);43.8%(461/1052)的调查对象知晓《室内空气质量标准》(GB/T 18883-2002),知晓率在不同年龄之间,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);调查对象关注度较高的室内空气质量指标包括甲醛、相对湿度和可吸入颗粒物PM_(10),关注度较低的指标包括苯并[α]芘、放射性氡、氨等;81.9%(862/1052)的调查对象倾向于使用简易工具设备或选择专业团队对室内空气质量进行评估,评估方式在不同学历之间,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);调查对象主要选择开窗通风、绿植净化、经常清扫室内卫生等方式对室内空气质量进行治理。结论公众对室内空气质量有一定的认识,应开展针对性的宣传教育,提高公众对室内空气污染的防治意识和能力。

Objective To investigate the public awareness of indoor air quality.Methods Through an online platform and on a voluntary basis,a questionnaire survey was conducted among the public of all provinces,autonomous regions,and municipalities directly under the central government(except Hong Kong,Macao,and Taiwan).Results Among the respondents,98.7%(1038/1052)of all expressed concern about indoor air quality to different degrees,with significant differences in the degree of concern between different ages and different educational levels(P<0.05).In addition,43.8%(461/1052)of the respondents knew about the indoor air quality standard(GB/T 18883-2002),with a significant difference in awareness rates between different ages(P<0.05).Formaldehyde,relative humidity,and inhalable particulate matter(PM_(10))received relatively high attention among the indoor air quality indicators,while benzopyrene,radioactive radon,and ammonia received relatively low attention.Among the respondents,81.9%(862/1052)of all preferred to use simple tools or choose professional teams to evaluate indoor air quality,with a significant difference in evaluation ways among different educational levels(P<0.05).The main ways for the respondents to control the indoor air quality included ventilating the rooms by opening the windows,purifying the indoor air with green plants,and cleaning the rooms regularly.Conclusion The public has certain understanding of indoor air quality.It is necessary to conduct targeted publicity and education to improve the public awareness and ability of prevention and control in indoor air pollution.