《诗序》的诠释功能与《诗经》的经典化

Hermeneutic Functions of the Preface to Poetry and the Canonization of the Classic of Poetry

《诗序》通过对圣人编《诗》义例的阐发以及"序先诗后"的文本形制,掌控了诗义诠释的向度,规避了诗义在"口传注《诗》"时期的多向延展。书写破坏了口传场景中问答双方的共同在场,从而催生出奠基于文本的教化范型。与先秦"声教"不同,汉唐"诗教"借助《诗序》在"诗义"与"教化"之间建立起对应关系。"据序言诗"表明经学奠基于书写文化,《诗经》经典化的过程是由"书写注《诗》"所造就的经文意蕴封闭史。

Through elucidating the theme and style in the Classic of Poetry edited by the sage,along with the text structure of "preface prior to poems",the Preface to Poetry determines the hermeneutic dimension of poetic connotations,and evades the multiple ambiguities in the period of oral exegeses.Deconstructing the co-presence of interlocutors in oral exegeses,writing generates a pattern of text-based indoctrination.Different from the oral teaching,the poetry education in the Han and Tang Dynasties appeals for the Preface to Poetry and builds the correspondence between "poetic connotations" and "indoctrination".The elucidation of poems by virtue of the preface manifests that Chinese classical studies are based on the writing culture.Hence,the canonization process of the Classic of Poetry is the history of sealing the classical connotations,which results from the written exegeses of the Classic of Poetry.