全面抗战时期国民政府对海外留学生的救济

The Overseas Students Relief Programs by the Nationalist Government during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression

全面抗战时期,滞留海外的中国留学生面临着既"居不易"又"行路难"的艰难处境。为救助海外留学生,国民政府专门制订了救济方案,使不少确有困难的留学生获得了政府救济。海外留学生的一般救济流程十分繁杂而且耗时较长,但在特殊情况下,国民政府也采用紧急处理办法。国民政府对海外留学生的救济,其根本出发点是为国家长远发展培育人才,就客观效果而言,确实有不少留学生获得救济并归国服务,其深远意义是毋庸置疑的。但国民政府在救助海外留学生的过程中也存在多种矛盾和问题,使救济效果大打折扣。

During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Chinese overseas students were facing hardship in both their travel and accommodation. In order to assist the overseas students, the nationalist government had specially formulated relief programs, which had enabled many overseas students with real difficulties to obtain government relief. The general relief process for overseas students was complex and time-consuming, however, in special circumstances, the nationalist government also adopted emergency measures. The fundamental purpose of the nationalist government’s relief for overseas students was to help cultivate talent for the country’s long-term development. Concerning the objective effectiveness of the relief programs, many overseas students had obtained assitance and returned home,which had far-reaching significance. However, the contradictions and problems in the process of the nationalist government’s relief for overseas students largely reduced its effectiveness.