《押沙龙,押沙龙!》的去否定与元语言否定艺术探析

An Analysis of Denegation and Metalinguistic Negation in Absalom,Absalom!

《押沙龙,押沙龙!》是福克纳否定艺术的巅峰之作,在其叙述性否定用语中,尤以去否定和元语言否定最具特色。去否定运用特定的普通否定、双重否定和not-前缀否定分别从心理逆转、词语搭配和创新词汇方面去触发去否定过程,揭示内战后美国南方社会各个层面上的否而非否、肯否并存的矛盾状态。元语言否定通过对话性否定、轭式否定、对立平衡否定和递进式否定,从词法、文风、语域、语音等方面颠覆前述命题框架,对萨德本世系的家庭、种族和性别问题加以解构、讽刺和批判。否定话语对于《押沙龙,押沙龙!》等福克纳所著写的作品来说,具有重要的文化、认知和美学价值。

Both reading experience and data analysis show that Absalom,Absalom!marks the consummation of Faulkner’s negation art.Denegation and metalinguistic negation are two of the distinctive types among the narrative negation of the novel.In the novel,denegating process is activated by the special uses of common negation,double negation and affixal negation(not-).Under the force of psychological reversal,negative collocation and neologism,denegation helps to reveal the paradoxical situation in the postbellum South at various levels.Metalinguistic negation subverts the foregoing narrative frame by creative uses of diction,style,register and phonology.Dialogic negation,zeugmatic negation,dirimens copulatio and progressive negation in the text deconstruct,satirize and critique the familial,racial and gender problems of the Sutpens.The negative discourse reveals significant cultural,cognitive and aesthetic values in Faulkner’s works like Absalom,Absalom!.