虚拟现实联合3D打印技术在泌尿外科住院医师手术实践的应用研究

Comparison of virtual reality combined with 3D printing in urology resident′s surgical practice

目的探讨虚拟现实技术联合3D打印教学模式在泌尿外科住院医师手术教学中的作用。方法郑州大学第一附属医院2020年7月至2021年7月行泌尿外科住院医师规范化培训的医师共40人,通过简单随机分组,分为对照组和实验组各20人,学习肾脏肿瘤的腹腔镜下肾部分切除术,对照组采用传统观摩手术教学模式,实验组采用虚拟现实技术联合3D打印手术教学模式,比较两组在手术学相关理论成绩改善、在猪模型上的手术操作及对两种教学主观态度之间的差异。结果实验组和对照组初始理论成绩[(71.49±2.46)分比(73.78±2.98)分,t=1.698,P>0.05],差异无统计学意义,实验组的终末理论成绩高于对照组[(84.71±3.32)分比(82.77±1.54)分,t=2.479,P<0.05],差异有统计学意义。对照组和实验组在猪模型上的操作成绩,实验组手术时长少于对照组[(93.78±3.04)min比(101.18±5.22)min,t=2.897,P<0.05];实验组肾脏热缺血时间少于对照组[(33.52±3.11)min比(36.32±3.75)min,t=2.655,P<0.05];实验组缝合时间少于对照组[(16.48±1.40)min比(17.91±1.23)min,t=3.568,P<0.05];实验组出血量少于对照组[(75.05±3.96)ml比(87.31±3.23)ml,t=11.169,P<0.05];实验组术后并发症少于对照组[1例比7例,χ^(2)=11.169,P<0.05],差异有统计学意义。且住院医师对虚拟现实技术联合3D打印教学模式的接受度和认可度明显更高(P<0.05)。结论虚拟现实技术联合3D打印作为一种新的教学模式可以运用到泌尿外科住院医师的手术教学中,提高培训质量和效率。

Objective To explore the effect of virtual reality combined with 3D printing teaching mode in urological surgery teaching.Methods From July 2020 to July 2021,the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University recruited a total of 40 physicians who received standardized urology resident training.They were randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group,20 in each group,to learn laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for renal tumors.The control group adopted the traditional teaching mode of observing surgery.The experimental group used virtual reality technology combined with 3D printing surgery teaching mode to compare the differences between the two groups in theoretical performance improvement,operation on the pig model and subjective attitude to the two kinds of teaching.Results There was no statistically significant difference in the initial theoretical level between the two groups(P>0.05).The final theoretical score of the control group and the experimental group was(82.77±1.54)points vs.(84.71±3.32)points,and the difference was statistically significant(t=2.479,P<0.05).The operation time of the control group and the experimental group on the pig model was(101.18±5.22)min vs.(93.78±3.04)min,and the difference was statistically significant(t=2.897,P<0.05).The renal warm ischemia time was(36.32±3.75)min vs.(33.52±3.11)min,and the difference was statistically significant(t=2.655,P<0.05).Suture time(17.91±1.23)min vs.(16.48±1.40)min was statistically significant(t=3.568,P<0.05).The blood loss was(87.31±3.23)ml vs.(75.05±3.96)ml,and the difference was statistically significant(t=11.169,P<0.05).Postoperative complications(7 cases vs.1 case),the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=11.169,P<0.05),and residents′recognition of virtual reality combined with 3D printing teaching mode was significantly higher(P<0.05).Conclusion As a new teaching mode,virtual reality technology combined with 3D printing can be applied to the surgical teaching of urology residents to improve the quality and efficiency of training.