蛋白质-L-异天冬氨酸(D-天冬氨酸)-甲基转移酶的研究进展

Research progress of protein L-isoaspartate(D-aspartate)O-methyltransferase

蛋白质-L-异天冬氨酸(D-天冬氨酸)-甲基转移酶(PCMT1)是一种修复酶,在人体组织中广泛表达,可以催化异构化的天冬氨酸残基转化为正常结构。PCMT1具有双重细胞功能,可作为RNA高甲基化酶和转录辅因子,参与信号转导和转录调控等重要的生物学过程。PCMT1基因的多态性亦与多种疾病有关。PCMT1可抑制神经元细胞和心肌细胞凋亡,参与调节代谢,并且与胚胎发育和衰老相关。此外,PCMT1在多种肿瘤组织中高表达,是多种肿瘤性疾病的不利预后因素,其可抑制肿瘤细胞的凋亡,协助肿瘤细胞的侵袭和转移,调节肿瘤血管的生成,并且可促进耐药性的产生。未来PCMT1可能作为若干疾病诊断和治疗的新靶点。

The protein L-isoaspartate(D-aspartate)O-methyltransferase(PCMT1)is ubiquitously expressed in human tissues.It is a repair enzyme that initiates the conversion of isomerized aspartate residues to their normal configuration.PCMT1 can function as RNA hypermethylation enzyme and transcription cofactor so that it can participate in some important biological processes such as signal transduction and transcription regulation.Besides,polymorphisms of PCMT1 gene are related to several diseases.PCMT1 can inhibit the apoptosis of neurons and cardiomyocytes,participate in the regulation of metabolism,and correlates with embryonic development and aging.Moreover,PCMT1 is highly expressed in a variety of tumor tissues,which is an adverse prognostic factor for those tumor diseases.PCMT1 can also inhibit the apoptosis of tumor cells,assist the invasion and metastasis of tumor cells,and promote drug resistance.In the future,PCMT1 can possibly be a new target for diagnosis and treatment of several diseases.