正念对大学生应对方式的影响:未来时间洞察力的中介作用

Mindfulness and coping style of college students:The mediating role of future time perspective

目的:探讨大学生正念、未来时间洞察力与应对方式之间的关系。方法:采用正念注意知觉量表、简易应对方式问卷与一般未来时间洞察力问卷对343名大学生进行问卷调查。采用Hayes开发的SPSS宏程序PROCESS检验未来时间洞察力在大学生正念和应对方式之间的中介作用。结果:正念得分与积极应对得分呈正相关(r=0.418,P<0.001),与消极应对得分相关不显著;未来时间洞察力得分与积极应对得分呈负相关(r=-0.376,P<0.001),与消极应对得分呈正相关(r=0.310,P<0.001);未来时间洞察力得分与正念得分呈负相关(r=-0.262,P<0.001)。中介模型检验表明,正念对积极应对直接效应显著,效应值为0.346,相对效应值为86%,未来时间洞察力在正念与积极应对方式之间起到显著的中介作用,中介效应值为0.055,相对效应值为14%。结论:正念不仅能直接正向影响大学生积极应对方式,还能通过未来时间洞察力间接影响积极应对。

Objective:To explore the relationship among mindfulness,future time perspective and coping style of college students.Methods:A total of 343 college students were investigated with Mindful Attention Awareness Scale,Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire and General Future Time Perception Questionnaire.The SPSS macro program PROCESS developed by Hayes was used to examine the mediating role of future time perspective between mindfulness and coping style among college students.Results:There was a positive correlation between mindfulness scores and positive coping style scores(r=0.418,P<0.001),but no significant correlation between mindfulness scores and negative coping style scores.Future time perspective scores were negatively correlated with positive coping style scores(r=-0.376,P<0.001),and positively correlated with negative coping style scores(r=0.310,P<0.001).There was a negative correlation between future time perspective scores and mindfulness scores(r=-0.262,P<0.001).The results showed that the direct effect of mindfulness on positive coping was significant,the effect value was 0.346,the relative effect value was 86%,the future time perspective played a significant mediating role between mindfulness and positive coping style,the mediating effect value was 0.055,the relative effect was 14%.Conclusion:Mindfulness not only directly and positively influences positive coping styles of college students,but also indirectly through future time perspective.