高铁开通对房地产就业的影响机制研究

The Influence Mechanism of the Opening of High-Speed Railway on the Employment of Real Estate Industry

高速铁路作为一种新型的现代化交通工具,其建设与开通对城市房地产业及其就业有重要影响。本文借助劳动力流动相关理论,从供给和需求两个角度探究高速铁路开通对房地产业就业的作用机制。研究认为,高铁开通主要通过影响整体就业以及房地产行业两条路径对房地产业就业产生正向影响。具体表现为:一方面,区域可达性的提高带来时空成本的缩减,使劳动力获得流动净收益,促进整体就业增加;另一方面,房地产开发规模扩张以及住房用房需求的增加促使房地产业发展壮大,最终带来房地产就业的增加。值得注意的是,除就业效应外,高铁开通还会给房地产市场带来房价上涨等三方面挑战。沿线城市政府应注意把握自身发展机会、加快配套基础设施建设。

As a new modern means of transportation,the construction and opening of high-speed railway has an important impact on the urban real estate industry and its employment.Based on the theory of labor mobility,this paper explores the mechanism of the opening of high-speed railway on the employment of real estate industry from the perspective of supply and demand.The research shows that the opening of high-speed rail has a positive impact on the employment of the real estate industry mainly through affecting the overall employment and the real estate industry.The specific performance is:On the one hand,the improvement of regional accessibility leads to the reduction of space-time cost.That makes the labor force obtain the net income of mobility and promotes the increase of overall employment;On the other hand,the expansion of real estate development scale and the increase of housing demand promote the development and growth of real estate industry,which eventually leads to the increase of real estate employment.It is worth noting that in addition to the employment effect,the opening of high-speed rail will also bring three challenges to the real estate market,such as rising house prices.The governments of cities along the line should pay attention to seize their own development opportunities and speed up the construction of supporting infrastructure.