范仲淹的名节观研究

Fan Zhongyan’s view of reputation and integrity

范仲淹继承了我国古代士大夫重视名节的优良传统,在宋初士风因循保守的特定历史条件下,通过对老庄“无名论”思想的深入反思和批判,以及对儒家先贤前圣重视名教的历史总结,形成了既符合儒家精神又具有时代内涵的名节观。范仲淹的名节观,批判了老庄不加分析地否定一切“名”的极端立场,主张把个人名利与国家和社会整体利益相结合。以此名节观为指导,以范仲淹为代表的庆历一代新型士人“大厉名节”,敢于“直言谠论”和“感激论天下事”,这对于培育宋代士大夫所具有的忠义之风,对于北宋儒学的复兴做出了重要贡献。

Scholar-officials in ancient China represented morality and virtue. Fan Zhongyan as a member of the a class was no exception. His view of reputation and integrity was based on his reflection on the “discourse on the nameless” in Daoism and his review of the Confucian ethical code. He disagreed with Lao Zhuang on his vehement denial of all names;rather he argued for the combination of individual interest and collective interest. Also this was the values held by the other scholar-officials in the reign of Emperor Qingli. Their outspoken criticism of political affairs contributed to the revival of Confucianism in the Northern Song Dynasty.