甘薯和薯蓣块茎水提物对糖尿病小鼠的降血糖作用

Hypoglycemic effects of tuber aqueous extracts of Dioscorea esculenta and D.polystachya on diabetic mice

近年来,全球糖尿病发病率增长迅速,糖尿病并发症也日趋严重,成为威胁人类健康的慢性疾病之一[1]。临床上治疗糖尿病主要采用胰岛素、双胍类和磺脲类等降糖类药物[2],但这些药物价格昂贵且长期服用还会产生严重的副作用。因此,从植物中寻求具有降糖作用的天然成分具有重大的开发价值和广阔的市场前景。

To clarify the hypoglycemic effects of tuber aqueous extracts of Dioscorea esculenta(Lour.)Burkill and D.polystachya Turcz.,effects of 10 and 20 g·kg^(-1)·d^(-1) tuber aqueous extracts of D.esculenta‘Tianyu No.1’and D.polystachya‘Tiegun’on body mass and blood glucose level of diabetic mice were assayed by taking 0.2 g·kg^(-1)·d^(-1) metformin hydrochloride and 0.6 g·kg^(-1)·d^(-1) Xiaoke pills as positive controls.The results show that after 3 weeks of intragastric administration with different doses of tuber aqueous extracts of‘Tianyu No.1’and‘Tiegun’,the average body mass of diabetic mice significantly increases,while the average blood glucose level significantly decreases;in which,compared with the diabetic model group,20 g·kg^(-1)·d^(-1) tuber aqueous extracts of‘Tianyu No.1’and‘Tiegun’can increase the average body mass of mice by 17.6%and 18.1%respectively and decrease the blood glucose level by 23.0%and 22.3%respectively,and the promotion effect on body mass and the hypoglycemic effect of diabetic mice are close to those of positive controls.It is suggested that as medicinal and edible plants,tuber aqueous extracts of‘Tianyu No.1’and‘Tiegun’can exert auxiliary hypoglycemic effects.