父本对无核葡萄‘Afrodita’胚培养的影响研究

Effect of paternal parent on embryo culture of seedless grape’Afrodita’

以无核葡萄品种‘Afrodita’为母本,分别与无核品种‘爱神玫瑰’‘寒香蜜’‘无核翠宝’‘瑞都无核怡’‘克瑞森无核’及早熟有核品种‘早玫瑰香’杂交,以杂交胚珠及‘Afrodita’的自然杂交胚珠为试材进行胚挽救试验,研究父本基因型、取样时期、培养基对胚发育的影响。结果表明:对于胚发育率和萌发率,‘Afrodita’与有核品种‘早玫瑰香’杂交(38.70%、22.58%)均高于其他无核组合,与‘无核翠宝’杂交(34.72%、18.05%)高于其他几个无核组合;7个组合的最佳取样时期均为授粉后50 d;较适宜的发育培养基对于‘Afrodita’ב寒香蜜’、‘Afrodita’ב爱神玫瑰’、‘Afrodita’ב早玫瑰香’和‘Afrodita’自然杂交这4个组合为改良MS+500 mg/L水解酪蛋白+60 g/L蔗糖+6.5 g/L琼脂+1.5 g/L活性炭,对于‘Afrodita’ב瑞都无核怡’和‘Afrodita’ב无核翠宝’则是改良MS+0.5 mg/L GA3+1.5 mg/L IAA+500 mg/L水解酪蛋白+60 g/L蔗糖+6.5 g/L琼脂+1.5g/L活性炭,而‘Afrodita’ב克瑞森无核’是NN+0.5 mg/L GA3+1.5 mg/L IAA+500 mg/L水解酪蛋白+60 g/L蔗糖+6.5 g/L琼脂+1.5 g/L活性炭。

Grape ovules from cross seedless grape cultivar’Afrodita’with’Aishenmeigui’,’Hanxiangmi’,’Wuhecuibao’,’Ruiduwuheyi’,’Crimson seedless’,’Zaomeiguixiang’and selfing of’Afrodita’were used as materials.These ovules were cultured by embryo rescue.Factors including parents selection,genotypes,sampling dates and development medium types were studied.The results showed that:The embryo development rate and germination rate(38.70%,22.58%)of the hybrid’Afrodita’×’Zaomeiguixiang’were higher than those of the other seedless combinations.The male parent’Wuhecuibao’(34.72%,18.05%)was higher than other seedless male parents.The optimal sampling time for all seven combinations was 50 days after pollination.The optimum development medium for the combination of’Afrodita’×’Hanxiangmi’,’Afrodita’×’Aishenmeigui’,’Afrodita’×’Zaomeiguixiang’and the natural hybrid of’Afrodita’was modified MS+500 mg/L hydrolyzed complex protein+60 g/L sucrose+6.5 g/L agar+1.5 g/L activated carbon.’Afrodita’×’Ruiduwuheyi’and’Afrodita’×’Wuhecuibao’was modified MS+0.5 mg/L GA3+1.5 mg/L IAA+500 mg/L hydrolyzed complex protein+60 g/L sucrose+6.5 g/L agar+1.5 g/L activated carbon,and for’Afrodita’×’Crimson seedless’was NN+0.5 mg/L GA3+1.5 mg/L IAA+500 mg/L hydrolyzed complex protein+60 g/L sucrose+6.5 g/L agar+1.5 g/L activated carbon.