失眠患者出院后睡眠状况及其影响因素调查

Investigation of Sleep Status and Its Influencing Factors in Post-charge Patients with Insomnia

目的:调查失眠患者出院后的睡眠状况及影响因素,为提高失眠的全病程管理治疗提供依据。方法:对中南大学湘雅二医院睡眠病区2016年8月至2020年3月出院的失眠患者进行电话随访及问卷星调查,研究工具包括一般资料问卷、失眠严重指数、患者健康问卷抑郁量表、广泛性焦虑障碍问卷等。结果:电话随访了382例患者,完成随访调查者201例,82.6%的患者睡眠一般或较好。54例患者知情并同意参与问卷星调查,其中无失眠者仅18例(33.3%),失眠严重指数总分为(11.91±7.17)分。不同病程患者的失眠严重指数总分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两两比较发现病程<1年的患者,其总分均小于其他病程组。不同失眠严重程度组的病程构成比、焦虑均分、抑郁均分比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:大部分失眠患者出院后睡眠状况较好。睡眠与病程有较大关系,病程1年以下者睡眠恢复较好。而轻度及以上的失眠患者,其焦虑、抑郁更明显。建议失眠患者早期规范就诊,以期取得更佳的治疗效果。

Objective:To investigate the sleep status and influencing factors of patients with insomnia after discharge,and to improve the whole course management and treatment of insomnia.Methods:Patients with insomnia discharged from the sleep ward of the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from August 2016 to March 2020 were followed up by telephone and questionnaire.The research tools included general information questionnaire,Insomnia Severity Index(ISI),Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ),Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire(GADQ).Results:A total of 382 patients were followed up by telephone,201 of them were followed up,82.6%of them had average or good sleep.A total of 54 patients were informed and agreed to participate in the questionnaire,among which only 18 patients(33.3%)had no insomnia,and the total score of ISI was(11.91±7.17).The total score of ISI of patients with different course of disease was significantly different(P<0.05),and pairings showed that the total score of patients with course of disease<1 year was lower than that of other course groups.There were significant differences in course composition ratio,mean score of anxiety and mean score of depression among different insomnia severity groups(P<0.05).Conclusion:Most insomnia patients sleep better after discharge.Severity is related to the course of the disease.Sleep recovery was better in patients with course of disease less than 1 year.Mild and heavier insomnia patients is more depressed and anxiety.It is suggested that patients with insomnia should get early standardized treatment,in order to achieve better treatment effect.