全球史观下社会政策教育的英国传统——与德国的比较和对中国的启示

British and German Traditions of Social Policy Education Compared:A Global Historical Perspective

从全球史观入手,在比较研究视野下分析英国福利国家的发展演变以及与这一演变密不可分的社会政策学的学科化历程,并通过回顾福利国家发展史研究中“为何世界上首个福利国家没有诞生在第一个工业化国家英国,反而是出现于19世纪欧洲的工业经济后发国家德国”这一重要问题,探讨社会政策学科史中一个重要谜题:既然德国建立了世界上首个福利国家,为何社会政策学在德国长期以来都没有发展成为一个独立的一级学科,反而是福利国家建设的后来者英国,率先实现了社会政策学的学科化。希望通过思考这些重大历史和学科问题,能对当前中国的社会政策学科建设提供启发。

From the perspective of global history,this paper examines the development of the British welfare state and the disciplinization of social policy.After reviewing previous research on the topic of“why the first welfare state was not born out of the first industrialized country,Great Britain,but originated from a less developed country in the 19th century,Germary”,this paper discusses a related issue:after the foundation of the welfare state,why social policy did not become a formal discipline in Germany,but was first disciplinized in Great Britain?By rethinking these questions,this paper aims to provide a new perspective and some general suggestions for the development of social policy as a discipline in China.