大数据时代公民个人信息可识别性认定模式的转型

The Transformation of the Identification Mode of Citizen’s Personal Information in the Era of Big Data

数据是个人信息的载体,大数据、云计算与人工智能技术融合的叠加效应使两者界限日益模糊化。目前对各类法律中公民个人信息广义可识别性标准的理解,仍囿于信息分级清单的点对点匹配方式,强调静态可识别性认定模式。公民个人信息的可识别性虽应坚守,但是应明确其相对性。个人信息的性质不仅取决于数据类型,也与数据挖掘的应用场景高度相关,建议行政执法和司法层面对公民个人信息可识别性标准的适用引入场景化思维,实现从静态到动态可识别性认定模式的转型。动态可识别性认定模式以行为人控制的个人数据文件作为判断资料,并以行为人掌握的数据资源与利用能力作为数据场景,完成公民个人信息关联程度的认定,从而实现法律与技术规则的深度融合。

Data is the carrier of personal information and the superposition effect of the integration of big data,cloud computing and artificial intelligence technology makes the boundary between the two increasingly blurred.At present,the understanding of the general identification standard of citizens’personal information in various laws is still limited to the point-to-point matching mode of information classification list,which emphasizes the identification mode of static identifying.Although the identification of citizens’personal information should be adhered to,its relativity should be clarified.The nature of personal information not only depends on the types of data,but also highly relates to the application scenarios of data mining.It is suggested that the administrative law enforcement and judicial level should introduce scenario thinking into the application of citizens’personal information identification standards,so as to realize the transformation from static to dynamic identification mode.The dynamic identification mode takes the personal data file controlled by the actor as the judgment data,and takes the data resources and utilization ability mastered by the actor as the data scene to complete the identification of the association degree of citizens’personal information,so as to realize the deep integration of law and technical rules.