浅谈《击鼓》诗旨的转向和分歧与“死生契阔”的经典阐释和接受

On Transformation and Divergence of Poetic Purport of “Beating the Drum”and Classical Interpretation and Acceptance of “Meet or Part, Live or Die”

《诗经·邶风·击鼓》的诗旨阐释体现出历代诗经学在训诂、音义、考据等方面的转向与分歧。名句“死生契阔,与子成说。执子之手,与子偕老”的经典解读离不开对“契阔”从“勤苦”到“约束”再到“隔远”“合离”之意的阐释;也离不开从“军士相约”到“室家之思”诗旨阐释的接受心态,这些因素的背后是今文经学与古文经学、汉学与宋学、义理与考据、旧学与新学的话语权利之争。这样的文学阐释与接受是时代的产物,也是文学人文性的体现。

The research on poetic purport of“Beating the Drum”shows the transformation and divergence in exegesis,pronunciation and meaning,textual research and soon.The classic interpretation of the famous quote“Meet or art,live or die,We’ve made oath,you and I.Give me your hand I’ll hold,And live with me till old”is influenced by the explanation of“qikuo”from the perspective of“diligence”,“restraint”,“separation”and“reunion”,and is also inseparable from the acceptance of the poetic purport such as“military appointment”and“missing the wife”.All of these reflect the dispute of discourse rights between modern classics and ancient classics,the study of Han and Song,argumentation and textual research.Such changes of literary interpretation and acceptance are not only the product of the times,but also the embodiment of literature humanity.