免疫层析技术在检测食品中硝基呋喃类药物的应用

Application of Immunochromatography in the Detection of Nitrofurans in Food

硝基呋喃类药物属于人工合成的广谱抗生素,主要包括呋喃唑酮、呋喃妥因、呋喃它酮、呋喃西林等。因其价格低廉、抗菌效果好而被广泛地应用于牲畜和水产动物的细菌性疾病的预防和治疗。由于硝基呋喃类药物具有致突变性和致癌性,因此许多国家在动物食品生产中早已禁止使用,然而仍存在非法使用该类药物的情况。免疫层析技术是色谱法与免疫学反应相结合的产物,因具有操作简单、成本低、特异性强、灵敏度高等优点而被广泛应用于食品中硝基呋喃类药物的检测。本文概述了免疫层析技术的基本原理,重点综述利用不同标记材料的免疫层析技术在检测食品中硝基呋喃类药物的应用情况,并对未来发展趋势进行展望。

Nitrofurans are synthetic broad-spectrum antibiotics,including furazolidone,nitrofurantoin,furantoin,nitrofurazone and so on.Because of its low price and good antibacterial effect,it is widely used in the prevention and treatment of bacterial diseases in livestock and aquatic animals.However,nitrofurans have mutagenicity and carcinogenicity.Many countries have already banned the use of nitrofurans in animal food production,but the illegal use of nitrofurans is still widespread.Immunochromatography is a combination of chromatography and immunological reaction.Immunochromatography has been widely used in the detection of nitrofurans in food owing to its advantages of simple operation,low cost,high specificity and high sensitivity.In this paper,the basic principle of immunochromatography was summarized,and the application of immunochromatography with different labeling materials in the detection of nitrofurans in food was reviewed,and the future development trend was prospected.