厦门市集美区学龄前儿童贫血状况与用药分析

Analysis of Anemia Status and Medication Use among Preschool Children in Jimei District,Xiamen

目的利用集美区学龄前儿童的体检数据及诊疗处方,分析学龄前儿童的贫血患病率和用药情况,以期为学龄前儿童贫血预防和诊疗提供参考。方法选取2019年1月1日~2020年12月31日的厦门市集美区学龄前儿童(6~71个月)的体检数据,对其中血红蛋白值进行统计;并分析同期内儿科疾病诊断为贫血的处方中用药情况,药物的DDDs、DDDc及不合理用药情况。结果集美区两年中共38066名学龄前儿童参加体检,其中2719名儿童患有贫血,患病率为7.14%,其中轻度贫血占98.12%,中度贫血占1.88%,重度贫血占0%,男女贫血儿童比例分别为53.62%和46.38%。诊断为贫血的100张处方中,涉及用药12种,排前六名是右旋糖酐铁口服溶液、维生素D滴剂、醒脾养儿颗粒、硫酸亚铁片、酪酸梭菌二联活菌散和维生素C颗粒,右旋糖酐铁口服溶液的DDDs值第一,临床倾向性高;有6份不合理处方,均为用药不适宜处方。结论集美区学龄前儿童生长发育较好,血红蛋白正常者占到92.86%。贫血发病率低,多为轻度贫血。我院对儿童贫血的治疗较为合理,但存在少数不合理用药现象,应进一步规范此类药品的应用,保障患儿的用药安全。

OBJECTIVE Using actual physical examination study data and treatment prescriptions of preschool children in Jimei District,we analyzed the prevalence of anemia and medication use in preschool children,in order to provide a diagnosis for the prevention and treatment of anemia in preschool children.METHODS The actual physical examination study data of preschool children(aged 6-71 months)in Jimei District,Xiamen City were selected from January 1,2019 to December 31,2020.During which time the hemoglobin values(Hb)were counted.We also analyzed the medication used,the DDDs(frequency of medication use),the DDDc(average daily cost)and the overprescribed use of medicine in prescriptions for pediatric diseases diagnosed as anemia within the same period.RESULTS During a two year period,a total of 38,066 preschool children in Jimei District participated in the physical examination study,of which 2,719 children suffered from anemia,with a prevalence rate of 7.14%,and which mild anemia accounted for 98.12%.Moderate anemia had accounted for 1.88%and severe anemia had accounted for 0%.The breakdown for males and females were 53.62%and 46.38%respectively.There were 12 medications used in 100 prescriptions diagnosed as anemia.The top six were Iron Dextran Oral Solution,Vitamin D drops,Xingpi Yanger Granules,Ferrous Sulfate Tablets,Combined Clostridium Butyricum and Bifidobacterium Powders,Vitamin C Granules.Iron Dextran Oral Solution had the first DDDs value and high clinical tendency.There were 6 irrational prescriptions,all of which were inappropriate medication prescriptions.CONCLUSION The growth and development of preschool children in Jimei District was good and 92.86%of them had normal hemoglobin.The incidence of anemia is low and mostly mild.The treatment of anemia in children at our hospital is relatively reasonable.But there are a few instances of over prescription drug use phenomena and the application of such drugs should be further standardized to ensure the safety of drug use in children.