电子诉讼行为法律效力的理论基础及制度突破--基于《人民法院在线诉讼规则》第1条第2款的分析

Theoretical Basis and Institutional Breakthrough of the Legal Effect of E-litigation—Analysis based on the Paragraph 2 of Article 1 of The Online Litigation Rules of the People's Court

诉讼行为效力理论控制着电子诉讼改革的出入口两端。电子诉讼与传统诉讼方式存在一定差别,但相当一部分理念和内容仍具统一性。功能等值理论对电子诉讼行为发挥正当性证成和正当性检验的双重作用,电子诉讼行为接受传统诉讼行为评价体系的评价,但对一些要件可允许多种电子化表达方式,或对传统制度进行突破。对诉讼行为无效或瑕疵应当分类处理并赋予当事人异议权。电子诉讼中电子送达条件和适用范围可适当放宽。电子诉讼行为与传统诉讼行为具有同等法律效力,接受功能等值评价,产生同等法律效果,具有中断诉讼时效期间和避免重复诉讼行为之效力。

The theory of litigation behavior effectiveness controls the entrance and exit of electronic litigation reform.There are some differences between electronic litigation and traditional litigation,but a considerable part of the concept and content are still unified.The theory of functional equivalence plays a dual role in the justification and legitimacy test of electronic litigation behavior.Electronic litigation behavior is evaluated by the traditional litigation behavior evaluation system,but a variety of electronic expression methods can be allowed for some elements,or a breakthrough can be made in the traditional system.The invalidity or defects of litigation acts shall be classified and the parties shall be given the right of objection.The conditions and scope of application of electronic delivery service in electronic litigation can be appropriately relaxed.Electronic litigation has the same legal effect as traditional litigation,accepts functional equivalence evaluation,produces the same legal effect,and has the effect of interrupting the limitation period and avoiding repeated litigation.