资本禀赋视角下牧户的减畜行为及影响因素研究

Research into herdsmens’decisions on livestock reduction and factors influencing their behavior,from a capital endowment perspective

基于青藏高原西藏那曲市的183户牧户数据,运用双栏模型探讨了资本禀赋的各要素对牧民减畜行为决策的影响。结果表明:1)样本区牧户的减畜意愿较高,整体来看有61.40%的牧户愿意减畜,且愿意减畜的牧户当中,有67.16%的牧户愿意减畜的比例为当前养殖数量的30%及以下。2)经济资本中的牧业收入和拥有的房产价值对牧民的减畜意愿具有显著的促进作用,而家庭贷款、政府补贴和牲畜数量均对牧民的减畜意愿具有显著的抑制作用。在愿意减畜的条件下,家庭贷款、家庭储蓄、固定资产对牧民的减畜程度具有显著的抑制作用。3)文化资本中的受教育程度对牧民的减畜意愿具有显著的促进作用。4)社会资本中的制度信任和人际网络对减畜意愿具有显著的正向促进作用,而组织网络对减畜意愿具有显著的抑制作用,在愿意减畜的情况下,制度约束对牧民的减畜程度具有显著的抑制作用。

Using sample data for 183 herdsmen in the Nagqu region of Tibet on the Tibetan Plateau,a‘doublehurdle’model was used to explore the impact of various capital endowment factors on herders’decisions to reduce livestock numbers.It was found that:1)In the sample area,pastoral households have a high willingness to reduce livestock:61.40%of herdsmen are willing to reduce livestock numbers,and of the herdsmen who are willing to reduce livestock,67.16%are willing to reduce the number of livestock to 30%or less of the current breeding numbers.2)Considering economic capital,the animal husbandry income and the value of real estate owned have a significant positive correlation with herdsmens’willingness to reduce livestock,while family loans,government subsidies and the number of livestock owned have a significant negative association with the herdsman’s willingness to reduce livestock numbers.For those herdsmen willing to reduce livestock numbers,household loans,household savings,and fixed assets have a significant inhibitory effect on the herdsmens’livestock reduction.3)With respect to cultural capital,the level of education has a significant effect on the herdsmens’willingness to reduce livestock numbers.4)With respect to social capital,institutional trust and social networking have a significant positive promotional effect on the willingness to reduce livestock numbers,while the interpersonal network has a significant inhibitory effect on the willingness to reduce livestock numbers.Where herdsmen are willing to reduce livestock numbers,moral restraint has a significant inhibitory effect on herders’reduction of livestock numbers.