从寇准的形象看民间视域对史传的偏移与简化

Folklore’s Deviation from and Simplification of Historical Biography from the Perspective of Kou Zhun’s Images

寇准的形象至少存在史传与民间两种面貌,以《续资治通鉴长编》等正统史传为参照系,梳理其本人经历,及其所处宰辅团队的内部斗争,寇准形象的坐标原点即可确立。小说戏曲中的寇准相对于史传则存在"纲要化"的偏移,这在一定程度上是民间审美情趣与精神诉求的反映。通过两种寇准形象的对比,"羽翼信史"的历史演义观念也需重新反思。

The images of Kou Zhun,a much-praised official in ancient China’s Northern Song Dynasty,are demonstrated at least from two aspects:historical biography and folklore.Taking the orthodox historical biography Sequel to Zi Zhi Tong Jian as a reference system,the original image of Kou Zhun can be built by summarizing his own experience and the internal struggle of the prime minister’s team he worked for.However,Kou Zhun’s image in novels and Chinese operas has an essential deviation from the historical biography,which partly reflects the folk aesthetics and spiritual demand.Through the comparison of the two images of Kou Zhun,we should rethink the evolution concept of the historical novel type"Yu Yi Xin Shi",meaning historical novels should depict the true history.