北京先农坛琉璃瓦表面保护材料的分析及清洗

Analysis and cleaning of glazed tile surface protection materials in Beijing Xiannongtan

位于北京市的先农坛是明清时期的皇家祭祀建筑,覆于屋面的琉璃瓦是其重要组成部分。先农坛的琉璃瓦经历过多次修缮,修缮时在表面涂刷的加固材料经过长年累积后老化,在表面形成黄色的膜,不仅影响外观,更不利于保存。通过扫描电镜能谱分析、X射线衍射分析、红外光谱分析以及差热分析发现,表面的老化材料中含有有机物,对表面老化材料的清洗进行了初步探索,并取得了一定的效果。

The Xiannongtan in Beijing is a royal sacrificial building in Ming and Qing Dynasties.The glazed tile on the roof is an important part of it.The glazed tiles of Xiannongtan have been repaired many times.Among them,the reinforcement materials painted on the surface have aged for many years and become yellow film on the surface,which not only affects the appearance,but also is not conducive to preservation.It is found that there are organic compounds in the surface aging materials by SEM,XRD,IR and DTA.The cleaning of the surface aging materials is explored and some results are obtained.