东北森林屏障带生态系统服务权衡与协同关系

Trade-offs and synergies of ecosystem services in forest barrier belt of Northeast China

东北森林带是我国重要的生态屏障,生态系统服务权衡研究对协调该区生态环境保护和社会经济发展至关重要。本研究利用全局空间自相关分析、双变量空间相关分析、空间聚类分析等方法,探明了东北森林带水源涵养等6种生态系统服务的空间格局以及它们之间权衡、协同关系的作用机制和空间分异。结果表明:研究所选取的6种生态系统服务均呈现出显著的聚集性分布;整体看来,水源涵养、生物多样性维持、土壤保持和固碳释氧4项生态服务呈现出协同关系,防风固沙、粮食供给与其他服务呈现出权衡关系。由于生态系统可以提供多种生态系统服务,且不同生态系统所提供的生态系统服务类型和数量具有明显差异,不同生态系统服务之间权衡/协同关系因此而存在明显的空间分异。本研究通过生态系统服务簇将研究区划分为生态系统服务平衡区、生态系统服务协调区、防风固沙区和粮食供给区4个区域,以期为研究区生态系统服务管理提供科学依据,促进资源与生态环境的全面协调和可持续发展。

Northeast forest belt is an important ecological barrier in China. Understanding the trade-offs of ecosystem services is important to coordinate ecological environment protection and social development in this region. In this study, we used spatial autocorrelation analysis,bivariate spatial correlation analysis,and spatial clustering analysis methods to quantify the spatial patterns of six selected ecosystem services,and reveal underlying mechanisms of trade-offs and synergies and spatial variation. The results showed that the six selected ecosystem services showed a significant aggregation distribution. At regional scale,the services of water conservation,biodiversity maintenance,soil conservation and carbon sequestration showed a systematic relationship,while the services of sand fixation and food supply showed a trade-off relationship with other ecosystem services. Ecosystems provide a variety of services,and the types and quantities of ecosystem services provided by different ecosystems were significantly different. Therefore,the trade-off/synergy relationship among different ecosystem services also showed significant spatial variation. The study area was divided into ecosystem service balance zone,ecosystem service coordination zone,sand fixation zone,and food supply zone through ecosystem service clusters,in order to provide a scientific basis for the management of ecosystem services and promote the comprehensive,coordinated,and sustainable development of resources and ecological environment.