街谷绿化对颗粒物扩散的影响研究进展

Influence of greening on the diffusion of particulate matters in urban street canyon:A review

街道峡谷(街谷)绿化是我国城市绿地系统的重要组成部分,在大气污染物控制方面具有非常重要的作用。植物类型、配置模式和结构特征会显著影响街谷中颗粒物的吸附、沉降和扩散等过程,直接而显著地影响着行人健康。街谷绿化优化设计已成为多学科领域的研究热点。本文总结了街谷绿化特征参数,探讨了街谷绿化调控颗粒物扩散的研究方法和机制,分析了街谷绿化对颗粒物扩散的影响效果及相关影响因素(街谷形态、街谷走向、屋顶形式、天空可视率、气象因素和排放强度),并从街谷绿化参数化、多因素耦合、多尺度研究、权衡多种生态服务功能等方面提出了未来需进一步开展的研究工作,以期为改善街谷空气质量和城市街谷绿化建设提供理论依据。

Street canyon greening is an important part of urban green infrastructures,playing a critical role in controlling air pollution. Plant type,configuration and structural characteristics could significantly affect the absorption,deposition,and diffusion of particulate matters( PMs)in the street canyon,with consequence on pedestrian health. Optimizing the design of street canyon greening is a research hotspot in multiple disciplines. Here,we summarized the greening parameters,discussed the research methods and regulation mechanism of PMs diffusion by greening in street canyon,and further analyzed the attenuation efficiency of greening to PMs and related affecting factors( street morphology,street direction,building roof form,sky view factor,meteorological factors and emission intensity). Finally,we proposed that further research should focus on the parameterization,multi-factor coupling,multi-scale fusion,and the tradeoffs between multiple ecological functions of street canyon greening,which could provide theoretical basis for air quality improvement and greening construction in street canyons.