慢型克山病患者心力衰竭知识认知水平及影响因素分析

Cognitive level and influencing factors of heart failure knowledge in patients with chronic Keshan disease

目的了解慢型克山病患者对心力衰竭(简称心衰)知识的认知水平,探讨患者心衰知识认知水平的影响因素,为有针对性地提高克山病患者疾病相关知识的认知水平提供参考依据。方法2019年,在甘肃省泾川县选取100例慢型克山病患者,使用心衰知识问卷开展调查,对患者心衰知识认知水平及影响因素进行相关及回归分析。结果慢型克山病患者心衰知识问卷得分为(6.18±2.72)分,得分正确率为41.20%。相关分析结果显示,家庭年收入(r=0.363,P<0.01)、患病期间心衰住院次数(r=0.304,P<0.01)、家庭成员数量(r=0.240,P<0.05)均与心衰知识问卷得分相关。多重线性回归结果显示,男性患者心衰知识认知水平高于女性(P<0.05),患者患病期间心衰住院次数越多(P<0.05)、家庭成员数量越多(P<0.05)其心衰知识认知水平越高。结论慢型克山病患者心衰知识认知水平整体偏低,医护人员应积极利用患者住院时间联合多种途径进行健康教育,同时也应重视对患者家庭成员的健康宣教。

Objective By investigating the cognitive level and influencing factors of heart failure knowledge in patients with chronic Keshan disease,so as to provide reference for improving the cognitive level of disease-related knowledge of the patients with Keshan disease in the targeted manner.Methods In 2019,100 patients with chronic Keshan disease were selected in Jingchuan County,Gansu Province.A questionnaire survey was conducted using the heart failure knowledge questionnaire to conduct correlation and regression analysis on the cognitive level of patients'heart failure knowledge and influencing factors.Results Patients'average score of the heart failure knowledge level was(6.18±2.72)points,and the scoring accuracy rate was 41.20%.The Spearman correlation analysis indicated that heart failure knowledge level was associated with annual family income(r=0.363,P<0.01),the hospitalization times due to heart failure(r=0.304,P<0.01),and the number of family members(r=0.240,P<0.05).The results of multiple linear regression showed that the cognitive level of heart failure knowledge in male patients was higher than that in female patients(P<0.05).The more hospitalization times(P<0.05)and the more family members(P<0.05)were,the higher the cognitive level of heart failure knowledge was.Conclusions The cognitive level of heart failure knowledge of patients with chronic Keshan disease is generally low.Medical staff should actively make use of the patient's hospitalization time for health education,and pay attention to the health education of family members of the patients.