城镇供水消费者知情权实现的困境与出路

The Solution to the Dilemma of Realizing the Urban Water Supply Consumers’Right to Know

城镇供水消费者知情权异于一般消费者知情权。信息供给的“碎片化”状态、信息获取的成本高昂、消费者提取和使用具有证据意义的信息困难成为窒碍城镇供水消费者知情权实现的因素。其根由在于消费者知情权与经营者信息告知义务的对应性偏差、城镇供水立法中技术条款的缺失以及城镇供水法律关系的特殊构造。破解窒碍因素的出路,不妨以对消费者进行倾斜性立法保护为基本思路,通过对相关立法条款的优化,实现消费者获取信息“量”与“质”的双重提高,最终达致消费者知情权有效保护的目的。

The urban water supply consumers’right to know is different from the ordinary consumers’.The fragmented information supply,high cost of information acquisition,and difficulty for consumers to extract and use evidential information are main obstacles to the realization of this right.The root causes include the reciprocal bias between the right and the water suppliers’duty of information disclosure,the lack of technical terms in the legislation of urban water supply and the special definition of the legal relation of urban water supply.The basic idea to realize the right lies in the legislation in favor of the consumers.By optimizing the relevant articles of legislation,the“quantity”and“quality”of consumers’access to information can be improved,and the goal of protecting the right effectively can be finally reached.