贵州遵义方言表定指的“名量”和“量名”结构

Definite N-CL and CL-N Constructions in Zunyi Dialect,Guizhou Province

贵州遵义方言表定指义的"名量"和"量名"结构中,"名量"结构用于定指,后置的通用量词具有定冠词的特征,是"准定冠词型结构"。"量名"结构一般不能用于定指,但受修饰之后可以用于定指,是省略指示词的结果,属于"准指示词型结构"。"名量"结构可能来源于量词拷贝结构,"量名"结构源于省略指示词。"名量"结构可以用于五种不同的定指类型,而受修饰的"量名"结构只能用于其中四种定指类型,不能用于"大情景用"。

The Noun-Classifier(N-CL) constructions in Zunyi dialect,Guizhou province,are used for a definite denotation.The post-nominal generic classifier shows characteristics exhibited otherwise by a definite article.In this sense the N-CL combination can be regarded as quasi-definite-article constructions.The CL-N constructions are used often for indefinites and only when modified by possessives,adjectives or relative clauses can they be applied for definite denotation.The CL-N constructions are formed by omitting the demonstratives and thus can be considered as quasi-demonstrative constructions.The N-CL constructions may develop from DEM-CL-N-CL construc￣tions,which use a duplicated classifier to express an emphatic meaning,while the CL-N constructions are developed from DEM-CL-N constructions by omitting the demonstratives.The N-CL constructions can be used in five different definite contexts while the CL-N constructions can only be used in four of them,not in the "larger situation use" context.