知母初生代谢产物组分影响因素研究

Study on the Factors Affecting the Components of the Primary Metabolites of Rhizoma Anemarrhenae

以河北省的知母为研究对象,通过研究知母在不同的区域、气候因子和栽培条件下表达的粗脂肪、粗蛋白和总多糖初生代谢产物的质量分数变化情况,采用SPSS17.0统计分析软件分析知母初生代谢产物组分的影响因素。通过实验可知:(1)不同区域野生知母粗脂肪、粗蛋白和总多糖之间存在显著差异(P<0.01),云雾山的知母其初级代谢产物质量分数总体较高,而沙岭的知母初级代谢产物质量分数总体偏低,可能与地区的气候因子有关,云雾山湿润的气候有利于知母的生长。(2)总多糖与6个气候因子均呈现正相关性,其中与年均气温有极显著相关性(P<0.01),粗蛋白与6个气候因子为显著相关(P<0.05),粗脂肪、粗蛋白和总多糖的积累可能与当地温度和湿度有关,日照时间过长不利于粗脂肪的累积。(3)2018年、2019年栽培的知母在施肥后粗脂肪和粗蛋白质量分数变化无显著性差异(P>0.05),但是粗脂肪在同年的各组间存在显著性差异(P<0.05),粗蛋白在各组间差异性不明显(P>0.05)。在N、P、K质量配比为0.14∶0.22∶0.12时有最优的粗蛋白表达,而在N、P、K质量配比为0.28∶0.44∶0.06时有最优的粗脂肪表达。行距定为20 cm,株距定为8 cm有利于粗蛋白和粗脂肪的累积。通过研究不同的知母栽培技术分析知母初生代谢产物的影响因素,可以为工业化栽培知母保证稳定的产品质量和提高产量等关键技术方面提供依据,为研究规范化栽培知母技术奠定基础,同时也为知母在医药行业的临床安全用药提供保障。

Base on rhizoma anemarrhenae in Hebei province,the effects of crude fat,crude protein and total polysaccharides primary metabolites expressed by rhizoma anemarrhenae under different regional,climatic factors and cultivation were emphatically studied.SPSS17.0 statistical analysis software was used to analyze the influencing factors of components of the primary metabolites of rhizoma anemarrhenae.The experiment indicated:(1)The different regional wild rhizoma anemarrhenae crude fat,crude protein and total polysaccharides have significant difference(P<0.01).The primary metabolites content of rhizoma anemarrhenae in Yunwu Mountain is generally higher,while it in shaling is generally lower.The reason may be related to the climate,which wet weather in the Yunwu Mountain,is conducive to the growth of rhizoma anemarrhena.(2)Total polysaccharides have positive correlation with 6 factors,among which annual average temperature have significant correlation(P<0.01).Crude protein is significant correlation with 6 factors(P<0.05).Accumulation of crude fat,crude protein and total polysaccharides may be associated with the local temperature and humidity,and long time sunshine is bad for the accumulation of crude fat.(3)There was no significant difference in the crude fat and crude protein content of rhizoma anemarrhenae within two years after fertilization(P>0.05),but there was a significant difference in the crude fat in each group in the same year(P<0.05),and no significant difference in the crude protein in each group(P>0.05).The optimal crude protein expression was obtained when the ratio of N,P and K was 0.14∶0.22∶0.12,and the optimal crude fat expression was obtained when the ratio of N,P and K was 0.28∶0.44∶0.06.Row spacing of 20 cm and plant spacing of 8 cm are conducive to the accumulation of crude protein and crude fat.This study could provide a basis for determining the key techniques of stable quality and improved yield in the cultivation process,lay a foundation for standardized production research,and also provide a guarantee for the safety of clinical drug use.