乳腺癌术后疼痛综合征的临床特征及危险因素分析

Clinical characteristics and risk factors of postoperative pain syndrome of breast cancer

目的探讨乳腺癌术后疼痛综合征的临床特征及危险因素。方法选取我院收治的乳腺癌患者240例,根据是否发生乳腺癌术后疼痛综合征将患者分为未发生组和发生组。采用单因素分析影响乳腺癌术后疼痛综合征的相关因素,采用多因素分析影响乳腺癌术后疼痛综合征的危险因素。结果54例(22.50%)乳腺癌患者发生术后疼痛综合征,疼痛性质以麻木为主,最常见的疼痛部位为患侧腋窝。单因素分析结果显示,2组患者年龄、清扫腋窝淋巴结、术后放疗、慢性疼痛史和术前焦虑或抑郁比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,年龄≤50岁、清扫腋窝淋巴结、术后放疗、慢性疼痛史及术前焦虑或抑郁为乳腺癌术后疼痛综合征发生的危险因素。结论乳腺癌术后疼痛综合征患者的疼痛性质以麻木为主,患侧腋窝是最常见的疼痛发生部位;年龄≤50岁、清扫腋窝淋巴结、术后放疗、慢性疼痛史及术前焦虑或抑郁为乳腺癌术后疼痛综合征发生的危险因素,临床应基于疼痛综合征的特点及危险因素,对乳腺癌患者进行个体化干预。

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors of postoperative pain syndrome of breast cancer.Methods A total of 240 patients with breast cancer admitted to our hospital were selected and divided into the non-occurrence group and the occurrence group according to the occurrence of postoperative pain syndrome of breast cancer.The univariate analysis was used to analyze the related factors affecting postoperative pain syndrome of breast cancer,and the multivariate analysis was used to analyze the risk factors affecting the postoperative pain syndrome of breast cancer.Results A total of 54 cases(22.50%)of breast cancer developed postoperative pain syndrome,the main nature of pain was numbness,and the most common site of pain was the affected axilla.Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the age,axillary lymph node dissection,postoperative radiotherapy,chronic pain history and preoperative anxiety or depression between the two groups(P<0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that age≤50 years old,axillary lymph node dissection,postoperative radiotherapy,chronic pain history and preoperative anxiety or depression were the risk factors of postoperative pain syndrome for breast cancer.Conclusion The main nature of pain in patients with postoperative pain syndrome of breast cancer is numbness,and the most common site of pain is the affected axilla.Age≤50 years old,axillary lymph node dissection,postoperative radiotherapy,chronic pain history and preoperative anxiety or depression are the risk factors of postoperative pain syndrome for breast cancer.Individualized intervention for breast cancer patients should be conducted clinically based on the characteristics and risk factors of pain syndrome.