VAR 技术介入足球运动越位判罚的实践反思与规则优化

Practical Reflection and Rule Optimization of VAR Technology in Football Offside Penalty

运用文献资料法与视频分析法,明晰VAR技术引入足球运动的必然趋势,理性反思VAR介入越位进球判罚的实践困境,最后提出VAR技术运用规则的优化策略,以期为VAR技术在足球运动中的正当应用提供理论参考。研究发现,对公平与效率的极致追求是VAR技术引进的必然趋势,它提高了裁判员判罚越位进球的准确性、降低了裁判员判罚越位进球的决策压力、提升防守球员执行造越位战术的信心、激励进攻球员追求传跑瞬间的精确度。但是“毫米级越位”降低了比赛的观赏性、热身损耗影响了技战术水平的发挥、判罚过于依赖VAR削弱了裁判员的威严、为蓄意操控比赛提供可能、传跑瞬间的定位模糊影响判罚的准确性。因此,建议优化VAR使用程序,拒绝毫米级越位、规定时间限度、执行挑战机制、实施公开程序、引入人工智能。

By using the methods of literature review and video analysis,this paper clarifies the inevitable trend of introducing VAR technology into football,rationally reflects the practical dilemma of VAR intervention in offside goal judgment,and finally puts forward the optimization strategy of VAR technology application rules,so as to provide theoretical reference for its proper application.It is found that the ultimate pursuit of fairness and efficiency is the inevitable trend of introducing VAR technology.It improves the accuracy of referees’judgment of offside goals,reduces the decision-making pressure of referees in judging offside goals,improves the confidence of defensive players in implementing offside tactics,and encourages offensive players to pursue the accuracy of passing moments.However,“millimeter offside”reduces the viewing of the game;the warm-up loss affects the technical and tactical performance of players;the penalty relies too much on VAR,which weakens the authority of the referee;provides the possibility for deliberate control of the game;and the fuzzy positioning of the passing moment affects the accuracy of judgment.Therefore,it is suggested to optimize the use of VAR procedures,reject millimeter level offside,specify time limit,implement challenge mechanism,implement open procedures,and introduce artificial intelligence.