体育院校优秀女子摔跤运动员个性化力量训练的研究

Research on Individualized Strength Training of Outstanding Women Wrestlers in Sports Colleges

运用文献资料法、专家访谈法、测试法、数据统计法,对广州体育学院3名女子摔跤运动员进行为期8周的个性化力量训练,并通过训练前后数据的对比,从而对个性化力量训练进行有益的探索。结果表明:3名运动员通过人体成分分析仪、纵跳测试和深蹲卧推1RM测试,发现体脂率偏高、摆臂纵跳低于CMJ纵跳,动作协调能力和上肢力量不足;8周针对性训练后,体脂率分别下降1.0%、1.3%、0.6%,SJ(半蹲跳)分别提高2.6cm、3.3cm、2.5cm;CMJ(不摆臂反向纵跳)分别提高5cm、2.9cm、3.5cm;CMJA(摆臂反向纵跳)分别提高4.1cm、3.3cm、3.0cm;深蹲分别提高了3.5kg、3.1kg、4.6kg、卧推分别提高4.5kg、3.4kg、1.7kg。建议:科学、准确进行个体身体能力评估对客观评价运动员竞技能力具有重要意义;精准把握强度界限能效避免运动损伤;训练过程的监控与反馈是保证训练效果的重要保障。

Using the methods of literature,expert interview,test and data statistics,this paper carries out 8-week personalized strength training for 3 female wrestlers in Guangzhou Sport University,and makes a beneficial exploration on personalized strength training through the comparison of data before and after training.The results show that through the body composition analyzer,vertical jump test and deep squat push 1RM test,the three athletes found that the body fat rate was high,the swing arm vertical jump was lower than CMJ vertical jump,and the movement coordination ability and upper limb strength were insufficient.After 8 weeks of targeted training,the body fat rate decreased by 1.0%,1.3%and 0.6%respectively,and the Sj(half squat jump)increased by 2.6cm,3.3cm and 2.5cm respectively;CMJ(reverse vertical jump without swing arm)increased by 5cm,2.9cm and 3.5cm respectively;Cmja(swing arm reverse vertical jump)increased by 4.1cm,3.3cm and 3.0cm respectively;squatting increased by 3.5kg,3.1kg,4.6kg and bench press increased by 4.5kg,3.4kg and 1.7kg respectively.Suggestions:scientific and accurate evaluation of individual physical ability is of great significance to objectively evaluate athletes’competitive ability;we should accurately grasp the strength limit to avoid sports injury.The monitoring and feedback of training process is an important guarantee to ensure the training effect.