种植密度对卓椒8号生长发育及经济效益的影响

Effects of Planting Density on Growth Development and Economic Benefit of Zhuojiao 8

【目的】探寻遵义市播州区卓椒8号的最佳种植密度,为其优化种植提供参考。【方法】采用大田试验研究不同种植密度(T_(1)30000株/hm^(2)、T_(2)37500株/hm^(2)、T_(3)45000株/hm^(2)、T_(4)52500株/hm^(2)、T_(5)60000株/hm^(2)和T_(6)67500株/hm^(2))对卓椒8号生育期、产量及其经济效益的影响。【结果】不同种植密度对卓椒8号的生育进程的无明显影响,但对其生物性状、产量及其经济效益有显著影响;卓椒8号株高为T_(4)=T_(5)=T_(6)>T_(3)>T_(2)>T_(1),T_(4)、T_(5)和T_(6)的株高均为70 cm;茎粗、果宽、果长和果肉厚均随密度增大而减小;产量随密度增大呈先增后减趋势,以T_(4)最高,为20047.06 kg/hm^(2),且与其余处理差异显著;生产成本随种植密度增大而增加,T_(1)最低,为36033元/hm^(2),T_(6)最高,达42585元/hm^(2);收益和产投比随种植密度增大呈先增后减趋势,以T_(4)最大,分别为19716.17元/hm^(2)和1.49。【结论】种植密度过稀过密均不利于作物高产和高收益,卓椒8号最佳种植密度为52500株/hm^(2),可使卓椒8号高产且收益达最大化。

【Objective】The study aims to explore the optimal planting density of Zhuojiao 8 in Bozhou District of Zunyi City and to provide a reference for optimizing the cultivation.【Method】The field experiment is carried out to study the effects of six different planting densities(T_(1)30000 plant/hm^(2),T_(2)37500 plant/hm^(2),T_(3)45000 plant/hm^(2),T_(4)52500 plant/hm^(2),T_(5)60000 plant/hm^(2)and T_(6)67500 plant/hm^(2))on the growth period,yield and economic benefits of Zhuojiao 8.【Result】Different planting densities have no obvious effect on the growth process of Zhuojiao 8,but have a significant effect on the biological characters,yield and economic benefits of Zhuojiao 8.The plant height shows T_(4)=T_(5)=T_(6)>T_(3)>T_(2)>T_(1),the plant height of T_(4),T_(5)and T_(6)is 70 cm.The stem diameter,fruit width,fruit length and flesh thickness all decrease with the increase of density.The yield of Zhuojiao 8 shows a first increasing and then decreasing trend with the increase of density.The yield of T_(4)is the highest of 20047.06 kg/hm^(2),which is significantly different from other treatments.The production cost increases with the increase of planting density,and the production cost of T_(1)is the lowest of 36033 Yuan/hm^(2),while T_(6)is the highest of 42585 Yuan/hm^(2).With the increase of planting density,the income and output-to-input ratio of Zhuojiao 8 shows a first increasing and then decreasing trend,and T_(4)is the greatest,which are 19716.17 Yuan/hm^(2)and 1.49 respectively.【Conclusion】The excessive thin and dense planting density is not conducive to the high yield and high benefit of the crop.The optimal planting density of Zhuojiao 8 is 52500 plant/hm^(2),which can maximize the yield and the income of Zhuojiao 8.