我国大城市空间拓展中的交通通道收费调整策略研究——以青岛市跨海通道为例

Toll adjustment for traffic corridor in in the spatial expansion of big cities in China——Case study of Jiaozhou Bay in Qingdao City

契合城市空间拓展趋势、顺应交通通道功能变化调整道路通行政策是城市治理的重要内容。以青岛市胶州湾大桥和胶州湾隧道为例,梳理在城市空间拓展过程中由地方政府推动的通行费调整过程、政府行为、收费功能变化及其影响,通过访谈与案例对比分析探讨其价格调整策略、逻辑和驱动力。研究发现,其跨海通道通行费调整是以城市空间拓展需求为核心,道路功能为锚点,基于边际成本定价思想,通过政府补贴的方式实现分阶段调价,此外道路的管理权限、运营方的经济属性等都会对价格调整产生重要影响。

The function of urban roads changes as urban area expands and intra-urban trips take an increasing share.As a result,management for the tolled roads should be adjusted to better serve urban residents.Taking Jiaozhou Bay Bridge and Jiaozhou Bay Submarine Tunnel in Qingdao as examples,this paper reviews the toll adjustment process,including government regulation change,toll variation,and the rationale behind these changes.Information is collected mainly with case study methods,include stakeholder interview,government/corporation document review and comparative analysis.The study found that toll adjustment for the cross-bay channels is mainly driven by the swing of the composition of traffic toward inter-urban trips.Toll calculation has shifted from average cost pricing towards marginal cost pricing.The cost recovery need of the corporation is covered by city government subsidy.It also found that transportation project ownership has significant impacts on the pace of toll adjustment.