分析妊娠期糖尿病的及时诊断及治疗对妊娠结局的影响

Analysis on the Influence of Timely Diagnosis and Treatment of Gestational Diabetes on Pregnancy Outcome

目的探讨对妊娠期糖尿病患者实施及时诊断以及治疗后对其妊娠结局产生的影响。方法选取该院2018年1月-2020年12月收治的60例妊娠期糖尿病患者作为研究组;所有患者在确诊后对其展开运动、饮食以及药物治疗;同期选取60名正常妊娠孕妇作为对照组;对患者治疗前后血糖水平进行对比。此外就两组研究对象分娩方式(剖宫产、阴道分娩)、孕产妇并发症(羊水过多、妊高症、产后出血以及胎膜早破)、围生儿结局(巨大儿、早产、新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征以及新生儿窒息)。结果研究组治疗后空腹血糖水平(4.79±0.52)mmol/L、餐后2 h血糖水平(7.01±1.03)mmol/L以及餐后最高血糖水平(10.13±2.52)mmol/L均低于治疗前空腹血糖水平(8.69±1.25)mmol/L、餐后2 h血糖水平(9.05±2.12)mmol/L以及餐后最高血糖水平(14.49±2.59)mmol/L,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组剖宫产率(66.67%)、阴道分娩率(33.33%)同对照组(58.33%、41.67%)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究组羊水过多、妊高症、产后出血以及胎膜早破发生率同对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究组巨大儿、早产、新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征以及新生儿窒息率同对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论妊娠期糖尿病患者在及时确诊后,采取有效方法展开规范化治疗,在分娩方式(剖宫产、阴道分娩)、孕产妇并发症(羊水过多、妊高症、产后出血以及胎膜早破)、围生儿结局(巨大儿、早产、新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征以及新生儿窒息)几方面,同健康孕产妇未表现出明显差异,可对良好妊娠结局做出保障,促进妊娠期糖尿病患者总体预后水平显著提升。

Objective To explore the effect of timely diagnosis and treatment on the pregnancy outcome of patients with gestational diabetes.Methods Sixty patients with gestational diabetes admitted from January 2018 to December 2020 were selected as the study group.All patients were given exercise,diet and medication after diagnosis;At the same time,60 normal pregnant women were selected as the research reference group.Blood glucose levels were compared before and after treatment.In addition,methods of delivery(cesarean section,vaginal delivery),maternal complications(polyhydramnios,pregnancy-induced hypertension,postpartum hemorrhage,and premature rupture of membranes),perinatal outcomes(macrosomia,preterm birth,neonatal respiratory distress syndrome,and neonatal asphyxia)were investigated in the two groups.Results The fasting blood glucose levels of the study group after treatment(4.79±0.52)mmol/L,2 h postprandial blood glucose levels(7.01±1.03)mmol/L and the highest postprandial blood glucose levels(10.13±2.52)mmol/L were lower than the fasting blood glucose levels before treatment(8.69±1.25)mmol/L,the 2 h postprandial blood glucose level was(9.05±2.12)mmol/L and the highest postprandial blood glucose level was(14.49±2.59)mmol/L,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);the rates of cesarean section(66.67%)and vaginal delivery(33.33%)in the study group were not significantly different from those in the reference group(58.33%,41.67%),the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).There were no significant differences in the incidence of polyhydramnios,pregnancy-induced hypertension,postpartum hemorrhage and premature rupture of membranes between study group and reference group,the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).There were no significant differences in the rates of macrosomia,premature delivery,neonatal respiratory distress syndrome and neonatal asphyxia between study group and reference group,the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion After the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus is timely,effective methods should be adopted to carry out standardized treatment.In terms of delivery methods(cesarean section,vaginal delivery),maternal complications(hyperhydramnios,pregnancy-induced hypertension,postpartum hemorrhage,and premature rupture of membranes),perinatal outcome(large infant,premature delivery,neonatal respiratory distress syndrome and neonatal asphyxia),there was no significant difference with healthy pregnant women.It can guarantee a good pregnancy outcome,and promote a significant improvement in the overall prognosis of patients with gestational diabetes.