社会性死亡:互联网时代的社会控制和道德重塑

Social Death:Social Control and Moral Reshaping in the Age of Internet

从社会学意义上的“社会性死亡”,到青年网络亚文化的自嘲实践,“社死”经历了一个语义扩张和转型的过程,涵盖了从严苛的外部制裁到轻微的自我调侃在内的不同语境。但其语义的核心内涵始终没变,它昭示了如下这样一种社会制裁机制的持续存在:违反社会公认行为规范的人,将会受到(或将担忧自己受到)其他社会成员的孤立、排斥与污名化。数字化生存和数字敞视的状态,为“社会性死亡”的频发提供了技术和文化基础;与此同时,“社会性死亡”也表征了人们维护行为规范、追求道德统一性的互动实践:当社会价值规范处于变.迁和调整的时期,这些实践的冲突势必更加频繁,乃至反过来损伤社会性,最终有赖于其他社会控制手段和行动者的自律来加以调整。

From a term in the sociological sense to the self-deprecating practice of the youth cyberspace subculture,the phrase“social death”has undergone a process of semantic expansion and transformation,covering a wide spectrum of context from harsh external sanctions to mild self-ridicule.However,the core meaning of its semantics has not changed.It manifests the continued existence of a social sanction mechanism as follows:people who violate socially recognized norms of conduct will be subject to(or fear to be subject to)being isolated,excluded,and stigmatized by other members of society.The state of digital being and digital panopticism provides a technical and cultural basis for the frequent occurrence of “social death”;at the same time,“social death”also represents people's interactive practice to maintain norms of behavior and pursue moral unity:when social value norms are in a period of change and adjustment,the conflicts of these practices will inevitably become more frequent,and in turn will be detrimental to the social attributes,and ultimately rely on other social control methods and self-discipline of actors for modulation.