明清疫病源流探析

An analysis on the origin and evolution of theories on epidemic infectious diseases in the Ming and Qing Dynasties

明清时期是中国疫病爆发的最高峰,期间有关疫病的名家论著繁冗复杂,从各个论著中可以探析出有关疫病的理论脉络。从明代《伤暑全书》始见温热病类专书与《温疫论》创疫病学专书之始,至清代温疫学派发展到温病学派的演变,当中还夹杂着疫病理论归于伤寒与温病的争鸣,结于温病学派形成独立辨证体系而被后世不断地扩充发扬。

The Ming and Qing Dynasties see the peak of pestilence outbreaks in China,during which works on epidemic infectious diseases by celebrated physicians are numerous and complicated.From each of these works,we can work out the theoretical context of epidemic infectious diseases:Shangshu Quanshu marking the beginning of monographs on febrile diseases while Wenyi Lun(On Plague Diseases)representing the start of monographs on pestilences in the Ming Dynasty,and the evolution from the school of epidemic infectious diseases to the school of warm diseases in the Qing Dynasty,mixed with the disputes over whether the theory of epidemic diseases is concerned with exogenous cold diseases or warm diseases,ending with the development of an independent syndrome differentiation system by the warm disease school,which is still continuously expanded and carried forward by later generations.