奶牛常见中毒性疾病诊断和预防

Diagnosis and Prevention of Common Toxic Diseases in Dairy Cattle

随着奶牛生产规模和养殖密度增加,在日常管理中易出现因饲料饲喂不当或误食出现的胃肠消化机能减退、腹泻、便秘、脱水,不仅会影响奶牛正常生长,还会降低产奶量和泌乳品质,甚至发生奶牛中毒死亡的现象。该文对奶牛黄曲霉毒素中毒、棉籽饼中毒、霉败稻草中毒、亚硝酸盐中毒、有机磷农药中毒等常见的中毒性疾病进行概述,为奶牛健康采食和营养摄入提供理论参考。

With the increase of the production scale and breeding density of dairy cows,the gastrointestinal digestive function,diarrhea,constipation and dehydration due to improper feed or ingestion are easy to appear in daily management,which will not only affect the normal growth of dairy cows,it can also reduce milk yield and milk quality,and even lead to the death of poisoned cows.This paper summarizes the common toxic diseases such as aflatoxins poisoning,cottonseed cake poisoning,mouldy rice straw poisoning,nitrite poisoning,organophosphorus pesticide poisoning,lead poisoning and fluorosis,to provide theoretical reference for healthy intake and nutrition intake of dairy cows.