规制的美丽:平台中介下女性团课教练审美劳动的研究

Beautiful Systems:Aesthetic Labour of Female Group Coaches under the Platform Mechanisms

平台中介下女性团课教练的审美劳动出现了新的变化。平台的介入,延伸了工作场景,扩展了女性团课教练审美劳动的链条,打破了雇主对女性团课教练自上而下的审美劳动策略。伴随平台的介入,性别成为女性团课教练审美劳动的调节变量,促使女性团课教练开启自我审美化策略。平台多层次的管理(如约课制度、晋升制度、评价机制等)、学员、女性团课教练共同影响审美劳动形象的呈现和关系的搭建。研究发现,女性团课教练依据平台介入程度和自我审美化程度适时调节形象,包括前置的形象、专业形象、弱性别化形象,在此过程中,她们和学员建立了交换关系、教学关系和社群关系,以提升个人的市场价值。平台介入之下,女性团课教练看似拥有非传统的身体形象和身体锻造的自主选择权,但仍难逃多方主体的规制。这一发现拓展了平台影响下审美劳动理论的再思考,平台的介入看似分化、转移了雇主的权力,却将劳动者的审美劳动卷入了多方主体中,伴随自我审美化的加剧,引发了更隐蔽的自我剥削。

There have been changes in aesthetic labor of female group coaches since the introduction of platform mechanisms.The intervention of the platform extends the work scenario and expands the aesthetic labor chains of female group coaches,and break employers’the top-down aesthetic labor strategy.These women coaches started their own aesthetic labor strategy utilizing the space of adjustment provided by the platform.Under the multi-level management of the platform(e.g.class appointment system,promotion system,evaluation mechanism,etc.),for example,students and female group coaches jointly influence the presentation of aesthetic labor images and the construction of relationships.The study found that female group coaches adjusted their images,including antecedent images,professional images,and weak gendered images,according to the degree of platform involvement and self-aestheticization.In this process,they have established exchange,teaching,and community relationships to enhance their personal market value.Under the intervention of the platform,female group coaches seem to have non-traditional autonomy to choose their body image and body building,but they still cannot escape the rules of multiple subjects.This finding expands the rethinking of the theory of aesthetic labor under the influence of platforms.The intervention of platforms seems to divide and transfer the power of employers,but it involves workers’aesthetic labor in mutiple subjects.Along with the intensification of self-aestheticization,it triggers a more insidious self-exploitation.