身管材料烧蚀磨损性能研究

Study on Ablation and Wear Properties of Barrel Materials

火炮射击过程身管内膛在高温、高压以及高速摩擦下发生烧蚀和磨损等现象,当身管烧蚀磨损量达到一定程度,将引起火炮初速、密集度等性能的显著降低,使身管“寿命终了”,火炮失去作战能力,因此研究身管材料烧蚀、磨损性能对理解和延长身管寿命具有重要的意义。通过身管材料烧蚀、磨损性能实验研究,发现在氧丙烷火焰烧蚀过程中,材料表面发生金属氧化和熔融,同时萌生密集的热裂纹并扩展,使得表面产生明显的烧蚀坑。身管材料在不同温度、摩擦速度、压力下的磨损过程中,磨损率随着压力的增大而增大,当摩擦速度小于1 m/s时,材料磨损率随着速度增加变化较小,在室温至300℃范围内,材料磨损率随着温度的升高而降低。

In the process of firing,the gun barrel is ablated and abraded under the condition of high temperature,high pressure and high speed friction.When the ablation and wear of the barrel reaches a certain value,the initial velocity and dispersion of the gun will be reduced obviously,which will lead to the"end of life"of the body tube and the loss of the combat ability of the gun.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the ablation and wear properties of barrel materials for the understanding and extending the life of barrel.Through the experimental research on the ablation and wear properties of the barrel material,it was found that the oxidation and melting of the metal occur on the surface of the material in the process of ablation of oxypropane flame,and at the same time,dense hot cracks were initiated and expanded,resulting in obvious ablation pits on the surface.The wear rate of barrel material increases with the increase of pressure in the wear process of different temperatures,friction speeds and pressures.When the friction speed is less than 1 m/s,the wear rate of material changes slightly with the increase of speed.In the range of room temperature to 300℃,the wear rate of material decreases with the increase of temperature.