部分诉请不属民事诉讼受案范围之裁判程序

Design of Judgment Procedures for Some Claims that are not within the Scope of Civil Litigation

针对当事人提出的诉讼请求部分属于民事诉讼受案范围、部分不属于民事诉讼受案范围之情形,目前我国司法实践中存在不予受理、驳回起诉、驳回诉讼请求,以及类似于德、日国家“诉讼判决”等不同的裁判方式。这种整体性处理的裁判程序和方式,或冲击立案登记制发展,或不利于纠纷一次性解决理念的实现,或无法在诉讼理论上形成逻辑自洽。因此,为提高当事人接受裁判结果的意愿,应引入法官释明程序作为中心点,辐射至民事诉讼程序的各个阶段,重塑部分诉讼请求不属于民事诉讼受案范围的裁判程序和路径。对不属于民事诉讼受案范围的部分诉讼请求,在加强法院释明程序的前提下,视当事人的选择及其所处的程序阶段不同,遵循诉讼要件与实体要件之裁判理论的差异化原理分别予以处理,从而真正达到服判息诉的诉讼效果。

For cases where the plaintiff's claims in the complaint are partly within the scope of civil litigation and without,Chinese courts have different ways of adjudication,such as not accepting,dismissing the suit,dismissing the claim,and“litigation judgments”,similar to German and Japanese ones.These adjudication methods may undermine the development of the case registration system,or are not conducive to the realization of the concept of one-off dispute resolution,or fail to form a logical self-consistency in litigation theory.Therefore,in order to increase the willingness of the parties to accept results of the judgments,the judge's interpretation procedure should be introduced as the central point,radiating to various stages of the civil procedure,and reshaping the way of adjudication for cases part of the plaintiff's claims not within the scope of the civil procedure.For those claims,on the premise of strengthening the court's interpretation procedure,the court should consider the choice of the parties and the different procedural stages at which they are in,follow the different principles of the adjudication theory on litigation elements and substantive elements,and deal with them appropriately,so as to truly achieve the effect of ending the suit.