玩忽职守型渎职罪中严重不负责任与重大损害后果的因果关系

The Causal Relationship Between Serious Irresponsibility and Serious Damage in the Crime of Dereliction of Duty

玩忽职守型渎职罪的构成要件中高频率出现“严重不负责任”这一术语,从罪刑法定原则出发,有必要对“严重不负责任”进行精确解释。从“责任”的三重含义出发,“严重不负责任”同时具备客观不法和主观责任的含义,即国家机关工作人员因没有实施与其法定义务相符合的行为,该行为样态达到了值得发动刑事制裁对行为人进行谴责的程度。玩忽职守型渎职罪的罪质是“不作为的重过失犯”,其中,不作为犯的认定承担着选定主体的功能,而过失犯的认定则承担着确定刑事责任的有无及大小的功能。

The term“serious irresponsibility”appears frequently in the constituent elements of the crime of negligence of duty and dereliction of duty.Considering the principle of statutory crimes and punishments,it is necessary to accurately explain“serious irresponsibility”.According to the three meanings of“responsibility”,“seriously irresponsible”means both objectively wrongful and subjective responsibility:because the staff of the state agency fail to perform the behavior consistent with their statutory obligations,the behavior has reached a level worthy of criminalization,the extent to which sanctions condemn the perpetrator.The guilty of the crime of negligence of duty is“a serious negligence of omission”,in which the determination of omission bears the function of selecting the subject,and the determination of negligence bears the responsibility of determining the existence and magnitude of criminal responsibility features.